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# How to build Widelands with MSys2/MinGW64 on Windows ¶

This is currently a work in progress! ¶

[TOC] ¶

# Building with MSys2 only ¶

## Download and install MSys2 ¶

1. **Download MSYS2** from [MSYS2.org](https://www.msys2.org/) ¶
2. **install** to `C:\msys64` (or choose an alternative path) ¶
3. **Run** `C:\msys64\mingw64.exe` or `C:\msys64\mingw32.exe` ¶
4. Follow the update steps (Nr. 5 on the MSYS2 Homepage). Running `pacman -Syuu` repeatedly and following the instructions on screen should do it. ¶

## Install the toolchain and the dependencies ¶

5. Install the mingw64 **toolchain** (or mingw32 toolchain) using `pacman -S mingw-w64-x86_64-toolchain` for 64bit builds, `pacman -S mingw-w64-i686-toolchain` for 32bit builds. Select to install all options. ¶
6. Install **CMake** and all **dependencies** : `pacman -S mingw-w64-x86_64-cmake mingw-w64-x86_64-ninja mingw-w64-x86_64-boost mingw-w64-x86_64-SDL2_ttf mingw-w64-x86_64-SDL2_mixer mingw-w64-x86_64-SDL2_image mingw-w64-x86_64-glew` for 64bit builds, `pacman -S mingw-w64-i686-cmake mingw-w64-i686-ninja mingw-w64-i686-boost mingw-w64-i686-SDL2_ttf mingw-w64-i686-SDL2_mixer mingw-w64-i686-SDL2_image mingw-w64-i686-glew` for 32bit builds. ¶
7. Install **Git** (our version control system): `pacman -S git` ¶
8. If you want to use **GLbinding** instead of GLEW: `pacman -S mingw-w64-x86_64-glbinding` / `pacman -S mingw-w64-i686-glbinding` ¶
9. You might need to [downgrade Boost](https://wl.widelands.org/wiki/BuildingWidelandsUnderWindowsNew/#cmake-cant-find-the-boost-package) ¶


## Get the Widelands sources ¶

See [[ GitPrimer]] on how to obtain the source code. ¶


## Configure the build ¶

~~~~ ¶
mkdir build ¶
cd build ¶
~~~~ ¶

For 64bit builds: ¶
~~~~ ¶
cmake -G "Ninja" -DCMAKE_C_COMPILER=C:/msys64/mingw64/bin/gcc.exe -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=C:/msys64/mingw64/bin/g++.exe -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DOPTION_USE_GLBINDING=OFF -DOPTION_BUILD_WINSTATIC=ON -DOPTION_BUILD_WEBSITE_TOOLS=OFF -DOPTION_ASAN=OFF .. ¶
~~~~ ¶

For 32bit builds: ¶
~~~~ ¶
cmake -G "Ninja" -DCMAKE_C_COMPILER=C:/msys32/mingw32/bin/gcc.exe -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=C:/msys32/mingw32/bin/g++.exe -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DOPTION_USE_GLBINDING=OFF -DOPTION_BUILD_WINSTATIC=ON -DOPTION_BUILD_WEBSITE_TOOLS=OFF -DOPTION_ASAN=OFF .. ¶
~~~~ ¶

these CMAKE options define the following values in their order of appearance: ¶
- use "ninja" instead of "MAKE" ¶
- the c and c++ compilers are defined to be gcc and g++ (Don't change this) ¶
- the build type is "Release" (switch to "Debug" for a debug build ) ¶
- GLEW is used instead of GLbinding (switch to ON for a GLbinding build) ¶
- the executable (Widelands.exe) is linked statically with all dependencies so no .dll files are needed (this results in bigger .exe; you do need to use GLEW for this) ¶
- website tools are not built (saves time) ¶
- AddressSanitizer (ASAN) is not used ¶

to save time you could switch off Generation of translations with -DOPTION_BUILD_TRANSLATIONS=OFF ¶

[More CMake options](https://wl.widelands.org/wiki/BuildingWidelands/#cmake-options) ¶

## Run the build ¶

~~~~ ¶
ninja ¶
~~~~ ¶

## Toubleshooting ¶

In general it is a good idea in case of problems to have a look into the appveyor.yml file to see the latest working CMake options. (Additionally check the log of a latest successful apveyor build on https://ci.appveyor.com/project/widelands-dev/widelands/history for the commands) ¶

### The cmake, git etc. commands can't be found ¶

You will need to add the tool binaries to the system path. You can do so by calling: ¶

`export PATH=${PATH}:/c/msys64/mingw64/bin` for 64bit builds, `export PATH=${PATH}:/c/msys64/mingw32/bin` for 32bit builds. ¶

You'll need to do that on every restart of Msys2. ¶

### CMake can't find the Boost package ¶

Sometimes, the Boost packages get updated before CMake findpackage can keep up with them. If that fails (i.e.Boost is not detected), there are 2 possible solutions: ¶
first you should try the following additional CMake Option: -DBoost_NO_BOOST_CMAKE=ON ¶
If this doesn't work you will need to downgrade Boost. Download the boost 1.68 package and its signature file from [The MinGW Repository](http://repo.msys2.org/mingw) to `C:\msys2\home\<username>`. Call `pacman -U <tar_xz_filename>`. Alternatively, downgrade directly off the repo, e.g. `pacman -U http://repo.msys2.org/mingw/x86_64/mingw-w64-x86_64-boost-1.68.0-2-any.pkg.tar.xz` for 64bit builds. ¶

### CMake error messages ¶

It can happen that running `cmake` results in errors like the following. ¶

~~~~ ¶
CMake Error at cmake/WlFunctions.cmake:78 (wl_include_system_directories): ¶
wl_include_system_directories Function invoked with incorrect arguments for ¶
function named: wl_include_system_directories ¶
Call Stack (most recent call first): ¶
cmake/WlFunctions.cmake:176 (_common_compile_tasks) ¶
src/CMakeLists.txt:26 (wl_library) ¶
~~~~ ¶

Even if the message doesn't mention it ths can be a problem related to Boost. Boost troubleshooting described above can be one possible solution. ¶

### Error messages when linking ICU ¶

~~~~ ¶
C:/msys64/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.2.0/../../../../x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: src/graphic/text/libgraphic_text.a(bidi.cc.obj):bidi.cc:(.text+0x6c): undefined reference to `icu_61::UnicodeString::UnicodeString(char const*, char const*)' ¶
~~~~ ¶

When you get these, you probably have an ICU version sitting in `C:/Windows/System32/` that is being found instead of the MSys2 copy. Did you start MSys2 using `msys2_shell.cmd`? Try running `mingw64.exe` / `mingw32.exe` instead. ¶

### Speeding up the file system ¶

You can speed up the file system a little bit by doing the following: ¶

* Go to the control panel and search for "Indexing Options". Make sure that the MSys folder and your source code is not included ¶
* Right-click on the MSys folder and choose "Properties" -> "General" -> "Advanced" and switch off the indexing of file contents. Do the same for your source code directory. ¶

You can still search the contents of your files afterwards from the MSys shell, using the `grep` command. ¶

### Error messages when linking curl/nghttp2 ¶
~~~~ ¶
undefined reference to `_imp__curl_easy_perform' ¶
~~~~ ¶
Linking errors like this mean, that your curl library is not statically linked. Try using this version: [https://curl.haxx.se/windows/](https://curl.haxx.se/windows/) ¶
~~~~ ¶
curl -Lo curl.zip "https://curl.haxx.se/windows/dl-7.73.0/curl-7.73.0-win64-mingw.zip" ¶
unzip curl.zip ¶
mv curl-7.73.0-win64-mingw/lib/libcurl.a C:/msys64/mingw64/lib/ ¶
~~~~ ¶

### Still having problems? ¶

Please post any issues to the [relevant forum thread](https://wl.widelands.org/forum/topic/4316/). ¶

# Building with Nuwen's MinGW64 distro ¶

## Download files ¶
### Nuwen's MinGW64 distro ¶

Download the main distro from [http://nuwen.net/mingw.html](http://nuwen.net/mingw.html) and the MSYS2 installer: ¶

* [mingw-13.4.exe](http://nuwen.net/files/mingw/mingw-13.4.exe) ¶
* [MSYS2](http://repo.msys2.org/distrib/x86_64/msys2-x86_64-20150916.exe) from [MSYS2.io](https://msys2.github.io) ¶

### CMake and Ninja ¶

* Download [Ninja](https://github.com/ninja-build/ninja/releases/download/v1.6.0/ninja-win.zip). Extract simply to `C:\MinGW\bin`. ¶
* Download [CMAKE](https://cmake.org/files/v3.4/cmake-3.4.1-win32-x86.zip) ¶

### Widelands source code ¶

* This is described on [[ GitPrimer ]] ¶

### SDL2 source packages ¶
* [SDL2](https://www.libsdl.org/release/SDL2-2.0.3.zip) ¶
* [SDL2_net](https://www.libsdl.org/projects/SDL_net/) (For Build 19 and older) ¶
* [SDL2_mixer](http://www.libsdl.org/projects/SDL_mixer/) ¶
* [SDL2_image](https://www.libsdl.org/projects/SDL_image/) ¶
* [SDL2_ttf](https://www.libsdl.org/projects/SDL_ttf/) ¶

### Additional libraries ¶
* [gzip](http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gzip/gzip-1.6.tar.gz) ¶
* [libiconv](http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/libiconv/libiconv-1.14.tar.gz) ¶
* [gettext](http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gettext/gettext-0.19.6.tar.gz) ¶
* [freetype](http://download.savannah.gnu.org/releases/freetype/freetype-2.6.2.tar.gz) ¶
* [ICU](http://download.icu-project.org/files/icu4c/56.1/icu4c-56_1-src.zip) ¶
* [GLEW](http://glew.sourceforge.net/) or glbinding ¶

## Set up and start the environment ¶

* Use the self-extracting installer of Nuwen's and extract the distro to `C:\MinGW` ¶
* Install MSYS2 to `c:\msys2` and follow their [update steps](https://github.com/msys2/msys2/wiki/MSYS2-installation#iii-updating-packages)! ¶
* Open the distro window with `C:\MinGW\open_distro_window.bat` ¶
* In this shell change the directory with `cd c:\msys2` and call `msys2_shell.bat` or `msys2_shell.cmd` to start MSYS2, depending on your version of MSYS2. ¶
* You are now in a linux like shell, so the command syntax is a bit different than normal windows commands ¶
* Call `pacman -S diffutils` to make sure that the "cmp" and "diff" commands are available. The libraries will need those to configure themselves - you will probably get errors like "./configure: line 5988: cmp: command not found" otherwise. ¶
* Call `gcc --version`. If the reply is `bash: gcc: command not found`, you will need to add it to the path with `export PATH=${PATH}:/c/MinGW/bin`. Do this every time you start MSYS2. ¶


## Build all libraries ¶


* Extract all source packages to `c:\msys2\home\<username>\` ¶
* Build each package with `./configure --build=x86_64-w64-mingw32 --host=x86_64-w64-mingw32 --target=x86_64-w64-mingw32 --prefix=/c/MinGW && make install` ¶
* Gzip1.6 does not compile without these [two patches](https://gist.github.com/TinoM/5692d59573269e6d8018) ¶
* Download the patch files, save them in the gzip source folder and patch with ¶
* patch -d . -p1 < gzip_mingw64.patch ¶
* patch -d . -p1 < gzip_mingw64_2.patch ¶
* Libiconv and freetype have circular dependencies, so you should compile libiconv, then freetype and then libiconv again (run `make distclean` and `./configure`) ¶
* libiconv: If you get a warning `remember to run 'libtool --finish /c/MinGW/lib'`, just run that command when the install has finished. If you don't have libtool, `pacman -S libtool` will fix that for you. ¶

## Troubleshooting ¶

### no acceptable C compiler found in $PATH ¶

* You will need to execute `export PATH=${PATH}:/c/MinGW/bin` within MSYS2. You can run `gcc --version` to check that it's there ¶

### libiconv ¶
* If compiling fails due to problems with the `INSTALLDIR` macro, track down the files and replace the macro with the hard-coded path, e.g. replace all instances of `const char *orig_installdir = INSTALLDIR;` with `const char *orig_installdir = "/c/MinGW";` (solution from [Chinese site](https://www.cnblogs.com/paktc/p/5997500.html)) ¶

### icu ¶
* icu4c-61_1 will not compile on MinGW, use icu4c-56_1 as linked above. ¶

### SDL2_mixer ¶
* If you get lots of warnings like "undefined reference to `oggpack_write'" etc, you'll need to get and compile [libvorbis](https://xiph.org/downloads/) ¶

### SDL2_image ¶
* I kept getting an error "libobj name `IMG.Tpo -c -o IMG.lo IMG.lo' may not contain shell special characters." that would not go away. They provide ready-made development packages though (SDL2_image-devel-2.0.3-mingw.tar.gz (MinGW 32/64-bit)), so try grabbing one of those. I tried fixing the error by compiling the dependencies. Ran into some trouble with the dependencies too and am documenting it here, just in case it will come in useful: ¶
* [libtiff](https://gitlab.com/libtiff/libtiff) No problems ¶
* [libjpeg](http://libjpeg.sourceforge.net/) `cannot create regular file '/c/MinGW/man/man1/cjpeg.1': No such file or directory`. Simply create the `C:\MinGW\man\man1` folder and run `make install` again ¶
* [libpng](http://libpng.org/pub/png/libpng.html) Get a tar distribution, or there will be no configure available. `pnglibconf.h:205:54: error: expected identifier or '(' before '-' token` - Open pnglibconf.h and delete the extra line breaks, so that every #define statement is in a single line ¶
* [zlib](https://www.zlib.net/) Does not use autotools, so the configure command is `./configure --static --64 --prefix=/c/MinGW`. Then `make install` as usual ¶

### Gettext ¶
* Install perl `pacman -S perl` ¶
* Compiler complains about `LOCALE_ALIAS_PATH` and `LOCALEDIR`: Replace `LOCALE_ALIAS_PATH` and `LOCALEDIR` with `"/c/MinGW/share/locale` in: ¶
* gettext-runtime/intl/dcigettext.c ¶
* gettext-runtime/intl/localealias.c ¶
* gettext-runtime/intl/os2compat.c ¶
* gettext-runtime/intl/os2compat.h ¶
* Compiler complains about `INSTALLDIR`: In `gettext-runtime/intl/relocatable.c`, delete all instances of `&& defined INSTALLDIR` and then replace `INSTALLDIR` with `"/c/MinGW/lib"` ¶
* "undefined reference to \`__imp_pthread_rwlock_unlock'" - Get the [precompiled pthreads binary](https://sourceforge.net/p/mingw-w64/wiki2/Compile%20pthreads/) and dump it into `C:\MinGW` ¶
* `aclocal-1.15: command not found`: Install autotools `pacman -S automake m4 autoconf` ¶
* Problems with an `sed` command: ¶
* Call `cd gettext-runtime` and compile gettext from there ¶
* The error is coming from `gettext-tools` - you can grab those from MSYS2 by copying `msgfmt.exe` and `msgmerge.exe` from `C:\msys64\mingw64\bin` to `C:\MinGW\bin` - that will be enough to make CMake happy. If you want to build `.pot` catalogs, you will also need `xgettext.exe`. ¶
* The above error looks like this: ¶
~~~~ ¶
} > math.h-t && \ ¶
mv math.h-t math.h ¶
/usr/bin/sh: -c: line 214: syntax error: unexpected end of file ¶
make[4]: *** [Makefile:4294: math.h] Error 1 ¶
~~~~ ¶

* In case you're still having trouble, you can try the [MSYS2 patches](I have found a series of patches: https://github.com/Alexpux/MINGW-packages/tree/master/mingw-w64-gettext) ¶

## Build Widelands ¶

We will build ninja in the normal distro window and not in the MSYS shell: ¶

* Open the distro window with `C:\MinGW\open_distro_window.bat` ¶
* Switch to the directory you'll want to build widelands in, e.g. `C:\wl_build` ¶
* run CMAKE `cmake -G Ninja -DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH=C:\Mingw c:\bzr\widelands\trunk`. TODO this looks wrong! Important CMake options are documented on the [BuildingWidelands](https://wl.widelands.org/wiki/Building%20Widelands/#cmake-options) page. ¶
* For building with GLEW, add the CMake option `-DOPTION_USE_GLBINDING=OFF` ¶
* Just call "ninja" to build now